2017 will probably be cooler than 2016. There is currently an active El Nino, which always raise global temperatures. The El Nino is expected to be gone by 2017.This does not mean that 2016 wasn't a "real" record. It was still warmer than all previous recorded El Nino years, which does suggest that the Earth is generally is getting warmer.
If the temperatures keep rising, the ice cap at the north pole will melt. However, there's lots of methane under there. Methane as a greenhouse gas is about 20 times worse than CO2 (if we're talking about the same mass of gas). This will lead to a positive feedback loop where rising temperatures melt the ice caps which leads to a release of more methan which will lead to higher temperatures etc. Basically an unstoppable process once we triggered the loop (until the methane runs out).
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